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HTML5 Canvas鼠标与键盘事件

演示HTML5 Canvas鼠标事件,获取Canvas对象上的鼠标坐标,演示键盘事件 通过键盘控制Canvas上对象移动。

Canvas对象支持所有的JavaScript的鼠标事件,包括鼠标点击(MouseClick), 鼠标按下

(Mouse Down), 鼠标抬起(Mouse Up),鼠标移动( Mouse Move)

对Canvas添加鼠标事件方式有两种,一种方式是通过API来完成:

// mouse event

canvas.addEventListener("mousedown",doMouseDown,false);

canvas.addEventListener('mousemove', doMouseMove,false);

canvas.addEventListener('mouseup',  doMouseUp, false);

另外一种方式在JavaScript中称为反模式:

canvas.onmousedown = function(e){

   

}

canvas.onmouseup = function(e){

   

}

canvas.onmousemove = function(e){

   

}

获取鼠标在Canvas对象上坐标:

由于Canvas上鼠标事件中不能直接获取鼠标在Canvas的坐标,所获取的都是基于整个

屏幕的坐标。所以通过鼠标事件e.pageX与e.pageY来获取鼠标位置,然后通过

Canvas. getBoundingClientRect()来获取Canvas对象相对屏幕的相对位置,通过计算

得到鼠标在Canvas的坐标,代码如下:

function getPointOnCanvas(canvas, x, y) {

    var bbox =canvas.getBoundingClientRect();

    return { x: x- bbox.left *(canvas.width / bbox.width),

            y:y - bbox.top  * (canvas.height / bbox.height)

            };

}

键盘事件:

HTML5 Canvas本身不支持键盘事件监听与获取,常用的有两种方法来解决这个问题:

一:通过windows对象来实现Canvas键盘事件监听与处理// key event - use window as object

window.addEventListener('keydown', doKeyDown,true);

二:通过在Canvas对象上添加其它支持键盘事件的DOM元素实现键盘事件支持

// key event - use DOM element asobject

canvas.addEventListener('keydown', doKeyDown,true);

canvas.focus(); 

其中tabindex为HTML5 DOM元素,支持键盘事件。

演示,一个可以根据键盘上下左右移动的矩形块:

一个完整的鼠标与键盘事件演示代码如下:

var tempContext = null; // global variable 2d contextvar started = false;var mText_canvas = null;var x = 0, y =0;window.addwindow.onload = function() {var canvas = document.getElementById("event_canvas");console.log(canvas.parentNode.clientWidth);canvas.width = canvas.parentNode.clientWidth;canvas.height = canvas.parentNode.clientHeight;if (!canvas.getContext) {console.log("Canvas not supported. Please install a HTML5 compatible browser.");return;}// get 2D context of canvas and draw rectangeltempContext = canvas.getContext("2d");tempContext.fillStyle="blue";x = canvas.width/2;y = canvas.height/2;tempContext.fillRect(x, y, 80, 40);// key event - use DOM element as objectcanvas.addEventListener('keydown', doKeyDown, true);canvas.focus(); // key event - use window as objectwindow.addEventListener('keydown', doKeyDown, true);// mouse eventcanvas.addEventListener("mousedown", doMouseDown, false);canvas.addEventListener('mousemove', doMouseMove, false);canvas.addEventListener('mouseup',doMouseUp, false);}function getPointOnCanvas(canvas, x, y) {var bbox = canvas.getBoundingClientRect();return { x: x - bbox.left * (canvas.width / bbox.width),y: y - bbox.top * (canvas.height / bbox.height)};}function doKeyDown(e) {var keyID = e.keyCode ? e.keyCode :e.which;if(keyID === 38 || keyID === 87) { // up arrow and WclearCanvas();y = y - 10;tempContext.fillRect(x, y, 80, 40);e.preventDefault();}if(keyID === 39 || keyID === 68) { // right arrow and DclearCanvas();x = x + 10;tempContext.fillRect(x, y, 80, 40);e.preventDefault();}if(keyID === 40 || keyID === 83) { // down arrow and SclearCanvas();y = y + 10;tempContext.fillRect(x, y, 80, 40);e.preventDefault();}if(keyID === 37 || keyID === 65) { // left arrow and AclearCanvas();x = x - 10;tempContext.fillRect(x, y, 80, 40);e.preventDefault();}}function clearCanvas() {tempContext.clearRect(0, 0, 500, 500)}function doMouseDown(event) {var x = event.pageX;var y = event.pageY;var canvas = event.target;var loc = getPointOnCanvas(canvas, x, y);console.log("mouse down at point( x:" + loc.x + ", y:" + loc.y + ")");tempContext.beginPath();tempContext.moveTo(loc.x, loc.y);started = true;}function doMouseMove(event) {var x = event.pageX;var y = event.pageY;var canvas = event.target;var loc = getPointOnCanvas(canvas, x, y);if (started) {tempContext.lineTo(loc.x, loc.y);tempContext.stroke();}}function doMouseUp(event) {console.log("mouse up now");if (started) {doMouseMove(event);started = false;}}HTML部分:

HTML Canvas Event Demo - By Gloomy FishPress W, A, S, D keys to move 觉得不错请支持一些,谢谢!!

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